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Jean-Pierre Maxence
Jean-Pierre Maxence (20 August 1906 – 16 May 1956) was a French writer who was one of the so-called Non-conformists of the 1930s. Maxence was a leading figure within the so-called ''Jeune Droite'' tendency and was associated with other Catholic writers such as Jean de Fabrègues and René Vincent.〔Paul Mazgaj, ''Imagining Fascism: The Cultural Politics of the French Young Right, 1930-1945'', University of Delaware Press, 2007, p. 13〕
Born in Paris as Pierre Godmé, he adopted his name after a character in Ernest Psichari's book ''Le Voyage du centurion''.〔Philip Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890'', 1990, p. 259〕 He was close to the Action française without ever actually joining the group and also wrote for the neo-Thomist ''La Gazette Francais''.〔 He did not come to prominence until the 1930s when he wrote on myriad topics for the various reviews produced by the non-conformists.〔Rees, ''Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right'', p. 260〕 He was at this time a member of Solidarité Française, albeit a fairly inactive one.〔 He was critical of the far right group of writers based around the newspaper ''Je suis partout'' and had a personal hatred of Germany, although he was equally disdainful of Léon Blum.〔 A devout Roman Catholic, his own writings revealed an empathy towards a fascism rooted firmly in Catholicism, effectively a French version of Rexism.〔 He felt that democracy in France was having a stagnating effect in contrast to what he perceived as the dynaims of Europe's dictatorships and accused the French government of seeking "to transform France into an insurance company" instead of embracing the adventurist spirit of fascism.〔Tony Judt, ''Past Imperfect: French Intellectuals, 1944-1956'', University of California Press, 1994, p. 17〕 From 1933 up to the war his main polemical outlet was his regular column, ostensibly about literary criticism, in the journal Gringoire.〔Mazgaj, ''Imagining Fascism'', p. 119〕
Maxence was taken to Oflag II-D in 1940 before being allowed to return to France the following year.〔 Once back home Maxence became reconciled to Vichy France and took up his pen in support of the rule of Philippe Pétain.〔 However alongside this he also undertook work for Jewish charities during the Second World War, once again demonstrating his duplicitous relationship to mainstream far right opinion in France.〔 His public support for Vichy meant that he fell under a cloud after the war and he went into exile in Switzerland where he became director of ''Centre Supérieure de Philosophie'' in Geneva.〔 He remained in Geneva until his death.
==References==
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